Oil pump



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OIL PUMP Filed Dec. 28, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Il il'. FIG.

,//wfw Tof? WM. AEXHNDER June 2s, 1932.

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' OIL PUMP 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed DBG. 28. 1931 /N VEN To 1e Patented June 28, i932 UNET STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM ALEXANDER, OF GLASGOW, SCOTLAND OIL PUMP Application filed December 2S, i931, Serial N'o. 583,508, and in Great Britain December 12, 1930.

rlhe invention relates to an oil pump of transverse cross section of a fuel pump emthe type comprising a1 plunger and a piston bodying the invention. valve reciprocating, respectively, in a cylin- F ig. II is a longitudinal part section. der and a Valve chamber connected with the Fig. IH is a sectional plan View. 5 cylinder by passages controlled respectively ln the drawings Q dQHOU-BS il blOCli OImeCl 5t by the plunger and the valve. with a pump 'cylinder and with a valve chain- In an 011 pump @GC01-ding t@ the invention ber disposed in parallel, in which reciprocate, the plunger and piston valve elements are leSPeCtlVly, the plunger and the piStOli solidly connected in longitudinal direction Valve m, 1110V11'1g lolntly with the crosshead l so that they reciprocate in unison in substanc Slidable inthe guide 7c and driven by a crank eo tially parallel paths, the cylinder and valve md Comlelmg' TQCl CZ- The plunger 1S PF@- Chambel being conmcted by transverse pas `vented from rotating by the feather e engagsages, of which the passage further from the mg l gTOOW 1H 'Elle plunger, 21S SllOWH Hl point of delivery is at all times open to an F1531 ll annular space at the waist of the valve and is lll@ Cl` 0SSl1el Cl 1S Secmefl l0 me plunger by 65 intermittently mashed and unmaslied by the mems 0l ml lfllllsmbl@ .ljllealed member mil f pluuge., and the @they passage is ntermt screw connection g and is adyustably secured tem-,1y masked and unmasked by the Valve to the valve by means of the screw-threadi'fd said annular space at the Waist of the piston member Z elgaglllg a lug 7L Prolectmg fr0m 2o valve being at no time subjected to the high the Crosslmlfl- 70 pressure of delivery of the Oil p denotes a rack mesningwitli the'pinion 1u practice the plungel. and piston Valve 0 fined to theJ spindle n which is restrained elements are given equal simultaneous moveaglmt enClWlS@ movement and the upper mdnients from a common rota-ry element Witliof Whloh ongogos the memloor Z out the intervention of lever It 'will be. seen that when the rack p is 75 The piston Valve is adjustable in position inloved eiidwise, either by hand oi` by means with relation to the plunger by rotation of a o;JE o governor ol' other agency? tho aloal pool' screw-threaded member coupled to the end of lilou ofthe Volvo Wol bo oorrospondmgly ad the piston valve and engaging a non-rotatable looted .1n rolotlon to the plonger Whothor tho member connected to the plunger. pump lo Statlonory or runnmg' 1 so lesirably the tree end or" the plunger is Each block Q has two Sogmonto Sloloo 7 bevelled so as to provide a transverse com- Flg' 11,1). and two flot Parallel Sldos Z A ponent of fluid pressure causing the side of ange Q 1S Provldod. ot or non tho oppor the plunger to press against the end of the ond of too block. solo flange ood the Sog' o transverse passage controlled thereby. lontol .sldos ttlog oorrospoodlog roooooos o The Cylinder and tha Valve Chamber are A,ornied in the casing a to which is attached advantageously formed in a block having two ellnqkorllg ls (gli segmental sides and two flat parallel sides so Side; of fthe ,'31 O Ck eue] to reduc te om 40 as to faollltato monulaoturoi loootlon and space occupied when several blocks are asmi assembly oi the blocks, and to make for conigambled in one Casing and to locate the Plctness Where Several Pumps We assembled blocks with their flat sides athwart the axis m (me Casmgof the driving shaft.

The blOCl S plOVlClSCl Wlll 21- flange Perml' The cover 7i extends over one or more blocks ting the block to be held in position in the which are thus fixed endwise when the cover G5 casing by means of a superimposed cover is rigidly clamped down to the casing a.

suitable ior one or more blocks in the one asw and o denote, respectively, upper and sembly, the cover being rigidly connected to lower transverse passages allowing fluid cointhe casing. munication between the pump cylinder and In the accompanying drawings Fig. I is a the valve chamber. a' denotes an annular 10u space at the waist of the valve and y a passage allowing fluid communication between the annular space and the space above the valve. The cover r has a longitudinal passage s allowing fluid communication between the external source of supply of oil and the passage y.

The pumpcylinder is closed at its upper end by a piece a containing a non-return valve and connected by a pipe t to the sprayer or injector of an internal'combustion engine or other oil consumer.

The mode of operation is as follows With the parts disposed as inFig. I, and assuming that the plunger and valve are moving upwards, i. e., in the delivery stroke, oil is forced past the non-return valve to the point of use. Delivery continues until the upper edge of the annular space m unmasks the upper transverse passage fw, whereupon in the further upward movement of the plunger the oil is returned via the passages w and y to the passage s. The point in the upward stroke of the plunger at which the oil is returned to the passage s is determined by the relative axial positions of the valve and the plunger, it being understood that the return of oil continues to the,V end of the delivery stroke. The lower transverse passage v is never out of communication with the annular space ai, and the upper transverse passage w is never masked by the plunger.

At the top of the downward or suction stroke, the pump cylinder being in iiui'd communication with the passage s through the passage w, annular space a', and passage y, in the first stage of downward movement of the plunger oil is drawn through these passages into the pump cylinder. As the plunger descends, the passage fw is masked by the valve, but the passage fu is unmasked by the plunger and oil continues to be drawn into the pump cylinder during the remainder of the stroke.

These actions are independent of the direction of rotation of the driving shaft.

What I claim is l. An oil pump comprising a cylinder adapted to deliver oil and a valve chamber substantially parallel to said Cylinder, said chamber being adapted to communicate with a source of oil'supply, and plunger and piston valve elements solidly connected in longitudinal direction for reciprocation in unison in said cylinder and chamber, said valve element being constricted at the Waist so as to leave an annular space between said waist and the wall of said chamber, said cylinder and valve chamber being connected by transverse passages of which the passage further from the point ofA oil delivery from said cylinder is at all times open to said annular space and intermittently masked and un-v masked by said plunger element, and the other passage is intermittently masked and yunmasked by said valve element, said Vannular space being at no time subjected to the high pressure of delivery of the oil.

2. An oil pump comprising a cylinder adapted to deliver oil and a valve chamber substantially parallel to said cylinder, said chamber being adapted to communicate with a source of oil supply, and plunger and piston valve elements solidly connected in longitudinal direction for reciprocation in unison in said cylinder and chamber, said valve element being constricted at the waist so as to leave an annular space between said waist and the wall of said chamber, said valve also formed with a longitudinal passage extending from its end nearer to the point of supply and open to said annular space, said cylinder and valve chamber being connected by transverse passages of which the passage further from the point of oil delivery from said cylinder is at all times open to said annular space and intermittently masked and unmasked by said plunger element, and the other passage is intermittently masked and unmasked by said valve element, said annular space being at no time subjected to the high pressure of delivery of the oil.

3. An oil pump comprising a cylinder adapted to deliver oil and a valve chamber substantially parallel to said cylinder, said chamber being adapted to communicate with a source of oil supply, plunger and piston valve elements solidly connected in longitudinal direction for reciprocation in unison in said cylinder and chamber, said valve element being constricted at the waist so as to leave an annular space between said waist Vand the wall of said chamber, said cylinder and valve chamber being connected by transverse passages of which the passage further from the point of oil delivery from said cylinder is at all times open to said annular space and intermittently masked and unmasked by said plunger element, and the other passage is intermittently masked and unmasked by said valve element, and a common rotary driving element directly connected to said plunger and said valve for imparting equal and simultaneous movements to said plunger and said valve.

4. An oil pump comprising a cylinder adapted to deliver oil and a valve chamber substantially parallel to said cylinder, said chamber being adapted to communicate with a source of oil supply, and plunger' and pisy ton valve elements solidly connected in longitudinal direction for reciprocation in unison in said cylinder and chamber, the free end of said plunger element being bevelled, said valve element being constricted at the waist@v so as to leave an annular space between said waist and the wall of said chamber, said cylinder and valve chamber being connected by transverse passages of which ythe passage further from the point of oil delivery' lll() from said cylinder is at all times open to said annular space and intermittently masked and unmasked by said plunger element, and the other passage is intermittently masked and unmasked by said valve element.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

WM. ALEXANDER. 

